Question: How does ICF construction integrate with other building elements?
Answer:
Whether you’re a developer, a self-builder or a designer, when making a choice on materials you need to be safe in the knowledge that everything will seamlessly work together. Many will choose a system like ICF construction which speeds up the process, increases energy efficiency and is incredibly simple to build.
ICF is an insulated solid wall construction method which falls under the Modern Method of Construction (MMC) category. However, despite its title of being ‘modern’, in reality, the system has been used by developers for over 50 years. In that time the build method has seamlessly integrated with almost all build elements available – both standard and non-standard. These build elements can include anything from a traditional slate tile pitched roof, energy-saving solar panels or even high-end options such as glass internal walls or metal staircases.
ICF Design Flexibility
When choosing the build elements for your project, you select most systems, whether standard or non-standard, against a criteria of affordability, aesthetics or to deliver project goals e.g. enhanced energy efficiency.
One of the advantages of building with ICF is the flexibility of the system. The inherently adaptable system can successfully interface with standard and non-standard systems, materials and products. Typically, you will install most build elements after the concrete pour, although this does depend on your choice of ICF product.
How Does ICF Construction Work?
When construing an ICF property it requires only two key and common construction materials – the formwork and concrete.
The ICF formwork is your building block which is created from two facing layers of an insulating material which are separated by a hollow core. The most commonly available systems within the UK are either expanded polystyrene (EPS) or Woodcrete.
To form the envelope of the building, you assemble the ICF components using a raised profile on the edge of the form. These edges interlock to create a close-fitting joint and there is no need for mortar. Walls are typically built in stages, usually to first floor height at first. Once the first stage of the wall is complete, concrete is poured into the central cavity in the block. Once this has cured the build continues. When the building is complete the forms remain in place.
Depending on the design and build elements, a structural engineer may specify steel reinforcement which you place within the block to create additional strength. You may need this for overhanging structures or large openings.
ICF Construction – Installing Build Elements
We always advise speaking to your ICF supplier during the design stage. They may have supporting details that suit your project and can save time. They can also advise on build element areas that may require special consideration.
When constructing an ICF property, you install most build elements using the following methods although you should always check with your supplier.
Windows & doorways
Cut out spaces for the windows and doors as the build progresses, install any necessary reinforcement bar / steel beams as per engineering design before the concrete pour. Install the windows and doors once the concrete sets. These are held in place with frame anchors, as they would be in a conventional build. A bead of high-quality silicone sealant will then seal the edges.
Internal services
Chase internal services such as electrical wiring and piping out of the formwork. The most common finish internally is plasterboard which you can install directly onto the walls.
Floor and roof ICF construction
ICF blocks can work with the most commonly encountered floor and roof types. These include wooden joists, concrete beams and block concrete hollow core plank or corrugated sheet steel. You may require wall connectors, anchor bolts or cutting in of the block to accommodate the system.
Mains services
Pre-planning the service penetrations and openings will ensure you do not require additional labour during the build process. If mains services are to pass through the wall, you will typically install these before the concrete pour.
Facing materials
Plasterboard is the most common internal finish. You can install the plasterboard directly on to the walls. External facing materials include render, regular brick skin, timber cladding, brick slips and stone or rainscreen cladding.
ICF Construction – Heating Systems
Take your time to research advanced or expensive heating systems such as underfloor heating, heat pumps, wind generators etc. It may be necessary to lay the appropriate pipework or ducting in preparation for the additional systems at the carcass stage.